游戏开发学习笔记-5.摄像机自动导航

小生怕怕啊

这次为引擎增加了一个3D摄像机类，便于场景的游览。

本次利用摄像机类实现了简单的场景漫游自动导航。

下面是摄像机类的具体细节！

1. #include "Camera.h"
   
2. 
   
3. //计算取景矩阵
   
4. void CCamera::CalcViewMatrix( D3DXMATRIX* pMatrix )
   
5. {
   
6. //规格化向量
   
7. D3DXVec3Normalize(&m_vLook,&m_vLook); //规范化观察向量
   
8. D3DXVec3Cross(&m_vUp,&m_vLook,&m_vRight); //上向量垂直观察向量
   
9. D3DXVec3Normalize(&m_vUp,&m_vUp); //规范化上向量
   
10. D3DXVec3Cross(&m_vRight,&m_vUp,&m_vLook); //右向量垂直上向量
    
11. D3DXVec3Normalize(&m_vRight,&m_vRight); //规范化右向量
    
12. 
    
13. //取景变换矩阵
    
14. pMatrix->_11=m_vRight.x;
    
15. pMatrix->_12=m_vUp.x;
    
16. pMatrix->_13=m_vLook.x;
    
17. pMatrix->_14=0.0f;
    
18. 
    
19. pMatrix->_21=m_vRight.y;
    
20. pMatrix->_22=m_vUp.y;
    
21. pMatrix->_23=m_vLook.y;
    
22. pMatrix->_24=0.0f;
    
23. 
    
24. pMatrix->_31=m_vRight.z;
    
25. pMatrix->_32=m_vUp.z;
    
26. pMatrix->_33=m_vLook.z;
    
27. pMatrix->_34=0.0f;
    
28. 
    
29. pMatrix->_41=-D3DXVec3Dot(&m_vRight,&m_vCameraPosition);
    
30. pMatrix->_42=-D3DXVec3Dot(&m_vUp,&m_vCameraPosition);
    
31. pMatrix->_43=-D3DXVec3Dot(&m_vLook,&m_vCameraPosition);
    
32. pMatrix->_44=1.0f;
    
33. }
    
34. 
    
35. //构造函数
    
36. CCamera::CCamera( LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 pDev )
    
37. {
    
38. m_Dev=pDev;
    
39. m_vRight=D3DXVECTOR3(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
    
40. m_vUp=D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);
    
41. m_vLook=D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
    
42. m_vCameraPosition=D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,0.0f,-300.0f);
    
43. m_vLookPosition=D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);
    
44. }
    
45. 
    
46. //设置观察位置
    
47. void CCamera::SetLookPosition( D3DXVECTOR3* pVector/*=NULL*/ )
    
48. {
    
49. if (pVector!=NULL)
    
50. {
    
51. m_vLookPosition=*pVector;
    
52. }
    
53. else
    
54. {
    
55. m_vLookPosition=D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);
    
56. }
    
57. m_vLook=m_vLookPosition-m_vCameraPosition;
    
58. D3DXVec3Normalize(&m_vLook,&m_vLook);
    
59. 
    
60. D3DXVec3Cross(&m_vUp,&m_vLook,&m_vRight);
    
61. D3DXVec3Normalize(&m_vUp,&m_vUp);
    
62. D3DXVec3Cross(&m_vRight,&m_vUp,&m_vLook);
    
63. D3DXVec3Normalize(&m_vRight,&m_vRight);
    
64. }
    
65. 
    
66. //设置摄像机位置
    
67. void CCamera::SetCameraPosition( D3DXVECTOR3* pVector/*=NULL*/ )
    
68. {
    
69. D3DXVECTOR3 camera=D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,0.0f,-300.0f);
    
70. m_vCameraPosition=pVector?(*pVector):camera;
    
71. }
    
72. 
    
73. void CCamera::SetViewMatrix( D3DXMATRIX* pMatrix/*=NULL*/ )
    
74. {
    
75. if(pMatrix) m_MatrixView=*pMatrix;
    
76. else CalcViewMatrix(&m_MatrixView);
    
77. m_Dev->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW,&m_MatrixView);
    
78. m_vRight=D3DXVECTOR3(m_MatrixView._11,m_MatrixView._12,m_MatrixView._13);
    
79. m_vUp=D3DXVECTOR3(m_MatrixView._21,m_MatrixView._22,m_MatrixView._23);
    
80. m_vLook=D3DXVECTOR3(m_MatrixView._31,m_MatrixView._32,m_MatrixView._33);
    
81. }
    
82. 
    
83. void CCamera::SetProjMatrix( int nWidth,int nHeight,D3DXMATRIX* pMatrix/*=NULL*/ )
    
84. {
    
85. if(pMatrix!=NULL) m_Projection=*pMatrix;
    
86. else D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&m_Projection,45.0f,(float)nWidth/nHeight,0.1f,3000.0f);
    
87. m_Dev->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION,&m_Projection);
    
88. }
    
89. 
    
90. //沿右向量移动
    
91. void CCamera::MoveAlongRight( float amount )
    
92. {
    
93. m_vCameraPosition+=m_vRight*amount;
    
94. m_vLookPosition+=m_vRight*amount;
    
95. }
    
96. 
    
97. //沿上向量移动
    
98. void CCamera::MoveAlongUp( float amount )
    
99. {
    
100. m_vCameraPosition+=m_vUp*amount;
     
101. m_vLookPosition+=m_vUp*amount;
     
102. }
     
103. 
     
104. //沿观察向量移动
     
105. void CCamera::MoveAlongLook( float amount )
     
106. {
     
107. m_vCameraPosition+=m_vLook*amount;
     
108. m_vLookPosition+=m_vLook*amount;
     
109. }
     
110. 
     
111. //绕右向量旋转
     
112. void CCamera::RotationRieght( float angle )
     
113. {
     
114. D3DXMATRIX Rotation;
     
115. D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&Rotation,&m_vRight,angle); //创建绕右向量旋转angel度的矩阵
     
116. D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&m_vUp,&m_vUp,&Rotation); //让上向量绕右向量旋转angle个角度
     
117. D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&m_vLook,&m_vLook,&Rotation); //让观察向量绕右向量旋转angle个角度
     
118. m_vLookPosition=m_vLook*D3DXVec3Length(&m_vCameraPosition);
     
119. }
     
120. 
     
121. //绕上向量旋转
     
122. void CCamera::RotationUp( float angle )
     
123. {
     
124. D3DXMATRIX Rotation;
     
125. D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&Rotation,&m_vUp,angle); //创建绕上向量旋转angel度的矩阵
     
126. D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&m_vRight,&m_vRight,&Rotation); //让右向量绕上向量旋转angle个角度
     
127. D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&m_vLook,&m_vLook,&Rotation); //让观察向量绕上向量旋转angle个角度
     
128. m_vLookPosition=m_vLook*D3DXVec3Length(&m_vCameraPosition);
     
129. }
     
130. 
     
131. //绕观察向量旋转
     
132. void CCamera::RotationLook( float angle )
     
133. {
     
134. D3DXMATRIX Rotation;
     
135. D3DXMatrixRotationAxis(&Rotation,&m_vLook,angle); //创建绕观察向量旋转angel度的矩阵
     
136. D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&m_vUp,&m_vUp,&Rotation); //让上向量绕观察向量旋转angle个角度
     
137. D3DXVec3TransformCoord(&m_vRight,&m_vRight,&Rotation); //让右向量绕观察向量旋转angle个角度
     
138. m_vLookPosition=m_vLook*D3DXVec3Length(&m_vCameraPosition);
     
139. }
     
140. 
     
141. CCamera::~CCamera()
     
142. {
     
143. 
     
144. }
     
145. 
     
146. void CCamera::GetCameraPosition( D3DXVECTOR3* pVector )
     
147. {
     
148. *pVector=m_vCameraPosition;
     
149. }

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1. 
   
2. <P> </P>
   
3. <DIV class=blockcode>
   
4. <BLOCKQUOTE>#include <windows.h>
   
5. #include "Engine.h"
   
6. 
   
7. #define WIN_CLASS "dx01"//窗体类名
   
8. #define WIN_NAME "3D摄像机自动导航" //窗体标题
   
9. #define WIN_WIDTH 800 //窗体宽度
   
10. #define WIN_HEIGHT 600 //窗体高度
    
11. #define WIN_FULLSCREEN false //是否全屏
    
12. 
    
13. 
    
14. Engine engine; //引擎对象
    
15. Model pModel; //模型
    
16. LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 dev=NULL;
    
17. CCamera* g_pCamera=NULL; //摄像机
    
18. 
    
19. //游戏初始化
    
20. bool GameInit(HWND hwnd);
    
21. //游戏循环
    
22. void GameLoop();
    
23. //更新
    
24. void GameUpdate();
    
25. //游戏结束
    
26. void GameEnd();
    
27. 
    
28. 
    
29. //Windows消息回调函数
    
30. LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd,UINT msg,WPARAM wparam,LPARAM lparam)
    
31. {
    
32. switch(msg)
    
33. {
    
34. case WM_DESTROY:
    
35. PostQuitMessage(0);
    
36. break;
    
37. case WM_KEYUP:
    
38. if (wparam==VK_ESCAPE)
    
39. {
    
40. PostQuitMessage(0);
    
41. }
    
42. break;
    
43. }
    
44. return DefWindowProc(hwnd,msg,wparam,lparam);
    
45. }
    
46. 
    
47. //Window入口函数
    
48. int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd )
    
49. {
    
50. //设置窗口结构类属性
    
51. WNDCLASSEX wc={sizeof(WNDCLASSEX),CS_CLASSDC,WndProc,0,0,hInstance,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,WIN_CLASS,NULL};
    
52. //注册窗口类型
    
53. RegisterClassEx(&wc);
    
54. //创建窗口
    
55. HWND hwnd= CreateWindow(WIN_CLASS,WIN_NAME,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT,WIN_WIDTH,WIN_HEIGHT,NULL,NULL,hInstance,NULL);
    
56. if (hwnd)
    
57. {
    
58. ShowWindow(hwnd,nShowCmd); //显示窗口
    
59. UpdateWindow(hwnd); //更新窗口
    
60. 
    
61. if (GameInit(hwnd))
    
62. {
    
63. MSG msg;
    
64. ZeroMemory(&msg,sizeof(msg));
    
65. //窗口消息循环
    
66. while (msg.message!=WM_QUIT)
    
67. {
    
68. if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0U,0U,PM_REMOVE))
    
69. {
    
70. TranslateMessage(&msg); //转换消息
    
71. DispatchMessage(&msg); //分派消息
    
72. }
    
73. else
    
74. {
    
75. GameLoop();
    
76. }
    
77. }
    
78. GameEnd();
    
79. }
    
80. }
    
81. UnregisterClass(WIN_CLASS,wc.hInstance);
    
82. return 0;
    
83. }
    
84. //Game循环
    
85. void GameLoop()
    
86. {
    
87. engine.ClearScreen();
    
88. GameUpdate();
    
89. engine.StartRender(); //开始渲染
    
90. 
    
91. engine.DrawModel(&pModel);
    
92. 
    
93. engine.EndRender(); //结束渲染
    
94. }
    
95. 
    
96. //Game开始
    
97. bool GameInit(HWND hwnd)
    
98. {
    
99. if (!engine.Init(hwnd,WIN_WIDTH,WIN_HEIGHT))
    
100. {
     
101. return false;
     
102. }
     
103. if (!engine.LoadModel("edificio1.X",&pModel))
     
104. {
     
105. ShowMessage("载入模型失败！");
     
106. return false;
     
107. }
     
108. dev= engine.GetDev();
     
109. 
     
110. dev->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING,false); //关闭光照
     
111. dev->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE,D3DCULL_NONE); //背面消隐
     
112. 
     
113. g_pCamera=new CCamera(dev);
     
114. g_pCamera->SetCameraPosition(&D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,50.0f,-300.0f)); //设置初始摄像机位置
     
115. g_pCamera->SetLookPosition(&D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f,50.0f,0.0f)); //设置初始观察点位置
     
116. g_pCamera->SetViewMatrix(); //初始化取景变换矩阵
     
117. g_pCamera->SetProjMatrix(WIN_WIDTH,WIN_HEIGHT); //初始化投影变换矩阵
     
118. return true;
     
119. }
     
120. 
     
121. //GameOver
     
122. void GameEnd()
     
123. {
     
124. //模型释放
     
125. pModel.Release();
     
126. //关闭引擎
     
127. engine.Shutdown();
     
128. SAFE_DELETE(g_pCamera);
     
129. }
     
130. float angle=0.0f;
     
131. UINT uStep=1;
     
132. float RotationSpeed=0.005f;
     
133. float ForwardSpeed=1.0f;
     
134. void GameUpdate()
     
135. {
     
136. D3DXVECTOR3 vPosition;
     
137. g_pCamera->GetCameraPosition(&vPosition); //获取当前摄像机位置
     
138. switch(uStep)
     
139. {
     
140. //1.前进
     
141. case 1:
     
142. if (vPosition.z<35.0f)
     
143. {
     
144. uStep=1;
     
145. g_pCamera->MoveAlongLook(1.0f);
     
146. }
     
147. else uStep=2;
     
148. break;
     
149. 
     
150. //2.旋转
     
151. case 2:
     
152. if (angle<1.5f)
     
153. {
     
154. g_pCamera->RotationUp(RotationSpeed);
     
155. angle+=RotationSpeed;
     
156. }else
     
157. {
     
158. uStep=3;
     
159. angle=0.0f;
     
160. }
     
161. break;
     
162. //3.进入房间
     
163. case 3:
     
164. if (vPosition.z<45.0f)
     
165. {
     
166. g_pCamera->MoveAlongLook(1.0f);
     
167. }
     
168. else uStep=4;
     
169. break;
     
170. //4.左旋转
     
171. case 4:
     
172. if (angle<1.5f)
     
173. {
     
174. g_pCamera->RotationUp(-RotationSpeed);
     
175. angle+=RotationSpeed;
     
176. }else uStep=5;
     
177. break;
     
178. //5.前进
     
179. case 5:
     
180. if (vPosition.z<80)
     
181. {
     
182. g_pCamera->MoveAlongLook(ForwardSpeed);
     
183. }else uStep=6;
     
184. break;
     
185. }
     
186. D3DXMATRIX MatrixView;
     
187. g_pCamera->CalcViewMatrix(&MatrixView);
     
188. dev->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW,&MatrixView);
     
189. }

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